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2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试【特殊句式】
1. (2013高考英语北京卷)23. The famous musician, as well as his students, ____ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited
1. B。本题考查主谓一致。
【句意】这个著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在2012年的台北花展上演出。
主语是The famous musician,尽管后面跟有介词或介词词组作附属修饰语,谓语动词仍用单数形式。排除A和C;2012 Taipei Flower Expo是一个过去的时间,动作已经发生,和现在没有关系,没必要用现在完成时,排除D。
2.(2013高考英语福建卷)22. Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs ______ you could have problems
A. or B. and C. but D. so
2. A。本题考查并列句的连词。
【句意】在关闭所有程序之间不要关电脑,否则可能会出问题。
考查句式:祈使句+and/or+陈述句,根据句意,选A。
3. (2013高考英语福建卷)34. Not until he went through real hardship _____the love we have for our families is important.
A. had he realized
3. B。本题考查倒装结构。
【句意】直到他经历了真正的艰难之后才意识到我们对家庭的爱是很重要的。
含有否定意义的副词、连词或短语放在句首时,要用部分倒装结构。由he went through real hardship可知动作已经发生,与现在的动作没有关系,用一般过去式,所以B正确。D选项的意思是先认识后经历,不符合本文所表达的意思。
4. (2013高考英语江苏卷)21. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ______ essential to their development.
A. is B. are C. was D. were B. did he realize C. he realized D. he had realized
4. A。本题考查主谓一致用法。
【句意】一般说来,他人对其期望值高的学生的内在动机对自身的发展是至关重要的。
分析句子结构,主语为students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others,中心词为inner
motivation,显然为第三人称单数。再根据generally(一般说来),可见讲通常情况,所以用一般现在时。故选择A。
5. (2013高考英语江苏卷)31. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ______ to ruins, the city took on a new look.
A. reducing B. reduced C. being reduced D. having reduced
5. C。本题考查时间状语从句的省略用法。
【句意】在遭受大地震,沦为废墟之后不久,这座城市就呈现出新的面貌。
Shortly after在……之后不久,引导时间状语从句。时间状语从句中,当主语与主句主语一致时,为避免重复,从句可用省略句。根据短语reduce the city to ruins(使城市沦为废墟),可见reduce与逻辑主语the city构成被动关系,排除A,D;而and连接两个并列成分,suffering from a massive earthquake and ______ to ruins,根据suffering的形式,确定答案为being reduced。故选C。
6.(2013高考英语江西卷)25. Only when he apologizes for his rudeness ____to him again.
A. I will speak. B. will I speak. C. do I speak. D. I speak.
6. B.考查倒装句。
【句意】只有当他为他的粗鲁道歉的时候,我才会再跟他说话。
本题的第一个关键词是only。当only放在句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时,主句用部分倒装。第二个关键点是when引导的时间状语从句,有“主将从现”的用法,本题中从句用的是一般现在时,因此主句用一般将来时。
7.(2013高考英语江西卷)34. If _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. having asked
7. A.考查省略句。
【句意】如果有人让你替别人照看行李,请马上通知警察。
在if引导的从句中,如果从句的主要动词是be,常将主语和be省略。解题关键:观察题目与选项。本题主句是祈使句,祈使句通常是动词原形开头,省略主语you,再观察选项,ask与you是动宾关系,因此从句的完整表达方式是if you are asked……。因此,锁定答案A.
【拓展】与if用法一样的还有when、though、as if等连词。
8. (2013高考英语湖南卷)30.Every day ________ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.
A.read B.reading C.to read D.reads
8. A。考查祈使句。
【句意】每天朗读几遍谚语知道你记住为止。
解题关键:区分谓语与非谓语。1.去掉until引导的状语从句,主句要有谓语动词,就可排除B、C两个答案;2.主句缺主语,判断出本句为祈使句,排除D。
9.(2013高考英语湖南卷)33.The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ around $8,450 a year, which ________ a burden for some of them.
A.are;is B.are,are C.is,are D.is,is
9. A。考查主谓一致。
【句意】这所大学估算国际学生的生活费用大约一年8450美元,这对一些国际学生来说是一种负担。 for international students 修饰主语的中心语the living expenses ,谓语动词要选are,排除C、D;which在从句中从当主语指代$8450 a year,以及a burden可判断出后一个空格选择is。
10. (2013高考英语湖南卷)35.Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
A.occurred it B.it did occur C.it occurred D.did it occur
10. D。考查倒装句。
【句意】迈克尔从来没想到他居然会成为班上的拔尖学生。
否定副词not位于句首,句子应该使用部分倒装结构。
【拓展】部分倒装:(1)以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装;(2)以“only+状语”开头的句子;(3)以“so+形容词或副词”开头的句子;(4)so表示“也,也是”的意义。如:She worked hard, so did her husband. 11.(2013高考英语辽宁卷)26. At no time _____ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.
A. they actually broke B. do they actually break
C. did they actually break D. they had actually broken
11. C。本题考查动词时态和倒装用法。
【句意】事实上他们绝对没有违反游戏规则。惩罚他们是不公平的。
当否定词或具有否定含义的短语置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。at no time意为“绝不,在任何时候都不”,置于句首用部分倒装,故排除A,D。再根据已知时态was,可知讲的是过去的情况,所以选择C。
12.(2013高考英语上海卷)39. Among the crises that face humans ______ the lack of natural resources.
A. is B. are C. is there D. are there
12. A。考查倒装和主谓一致。
【句意】自然资源的缺乏是人类面临的危机之一。
根据介词短语不可以做主语的原则,可判断出这是一个倒装句,主语为the lack of natural resources,中心词为lack,所以用单数的is。这是典型的“主系表”倒装为“表系主”,介词短语among the crises that face humans做表语。
13.(2013高考英语四川卷)4. Read this story, ______ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
13. B。本题考查并列句。
【句意】看看这个故事,你就会明白不是所有的东西都可以用钱买到的。
“祈使句 + and/or +陈述句”是一个固定句式,根据句意,选B。
14.(2013高考英语天津卷)11. It was not until near the end of the letter ______ she mentioned her own plan.
A. that B. where
14.A。本题考查强调句型。
【句意】直到在这封信的末尾他才提到自己的计划。
强调句的基本机构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分,本句中强调的是时间状语从句所以用that。本题个别考生易误解成定语从句。
15.(2013高考英语全国卷Ⅱ)3. I was glad to meet Jenny again, ______ I didn't want to spend all day with her.
A. but B. and C.so D. or C. why D. when
15. A。本题考查并列句。
【句意】我很高兴再次见到詹尼,但是,我不想一整天都跟她一起度过。
解题关键是弄清前后句子之间的逻辑关系。前面说见面高兴,后面却说不想整天跟她呆在一起,明显是转折关系,要用连词but。
16.(2013高考英语全国卷Ⅱ)10. It was only after he had read the papers ______ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
A when B. that C. which D. what
16. B。本题考查强调句型。
【句意】Gross先生读了这些报告之后才意识到,他面前的这个任务非常难完成。
“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句”是一个固定的句式,当被强调的部分是物时,连词只能用that,因此锁定正确答案。
17. (2013高考英语全国卷Ⅱ)12. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent ______ properly in this hospital.
A. can be the patients
C. the patients can be treated
17. B。本题考查倒装句。
【句意】在这个医院里,只有把医生的数量增加50%,才够治疗所有的病人。
only 开头,后面紧跟一个介词短语,后面的谓语动词要部分倒装,即把其中的助动词或者情态动词提到主语的前面,因此正确答案是B。
18. (2013高考英语浙江卷)19. There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.
A. not treated B. not being treated
D. not have been treated B. can the patients be treated D. treated can be the patients C. not to be treated
18. A。考查省略和非谓语动词。
【句意】有些健康问题如果不及时治疗 ,不久可能就变成大问题。
when 后面如果用完整的句子表达,它的主语就是problems,因此主语和它后面的be 动词可以一起省略,相当于“ when they are not treated”。
19.(2013高考英语重庆卷)23. It's not easy to change habits, ______ with awareness and self-control, it is possible.
A. for B. or C. but D. so
19. C。本题考查并列句。
【句意】改变习惯不容易,但如果是有意识的并且自控,就可能做到。
空处前面说的是不容易,后面说的是可能,显然是转折关系。
20.(2013高考英语重庆卷)27. It was with the help of the local guide ______ the mountain climber was rescued.
A. who B. that C. when D. how
20. B。本题考查强调句型。
【句意】在当地导游的帮助下,登山者才得以获救。
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who(m)是固定的强调句型,被强调的部分无论是人是物,都可以用that;被强调部分如果是人,可以用who或者whom。本句中被强调的部分并不是the local guide,而是介词短语“with the help of the local guide”,所以不能用who,而必须用that。
【小窍门】强调句型的关键是要弄清被强调部分是谁,尤其是本题中的local guide离连词太近,很容易被误认为是被强调部分,这样就可能导致选择错误的连词。
2013高考英语试题分类小结篇:名词性从句2013高考英语试题分类小结篇:动词与动词短语
2013高考英语试题分类小结篇:动词的时态和语态
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