建议大家在练习“听、说、读、写”这四项基本功时要注意以下几个方面：
听
这是学习任何一门语言的基本能力。学习外语的目的在于和外国人交流，而交流的基础首先就是得听得懂别人说什么。通过亲身体会，我感觉“听”并不是一件简单的事情。意大利人说话语速较快，加之方言众多，不同地区的人讲话时，多少都会带着一定的口音、方言以及当地的俗语，所以一时之间会觉得难以判断其含义。在意大利，不少北方人说话带有降调，且语调生硬而坚决；中部人说话普遍口齿模糊，会省略某些尾音，语调偏于平滑且带有很明显的抑扬顿挫感；南部人说话口音浓重，且口腔打得很开，很多时候用喉发音。所有这些特色都需要通过长时间的磨练才能加以领会的。当然，我们在与一个新朋友交流的时候，也不用过分害怕对方的口音，只要集中精神去适应对方的发音习惯，同时重点抓住他们说话中的动词，从中便能理解其大概含义了。
说
如前所说，学习语言的目的在于交流，而交流是双向的东西，只听不说自然不行。所以紧跟着听之“后”的，就是“说”的技巧。我的体会是，会说意大利语不难，难的是能把意大利语说好。如果说意大利语时能保证流利且不带中国口音，已经是很难能可贵了。若是能同时避免犯一些常见的语法错误，那更是高人一筹。如果有机会长时间地和意大利人相处，还能学会不少地道的表达方式和方言，偶尔加入自己的词汇库中，在对外交流中也不失为一个法宝。
读
在掌握听与说的同时，阅读也是一项必不可少的素质。由于意大利语动词形式变化多端，故而需要在不断的阅读中积累经验，逐渐提高阅读速度和阅读技巧。随着网络的发展，我们已经可以在互联网上找到丰富的阅读材料。刚开始接触意大利语时，在阅读中最忌讳的是“不懂装懂”，所以必须精确理解每个词的含义，并尽可能掌握其用法。但是在学了一段时间之后，我们反而应该“提倡”不懂装懂的状态，即不用刻意地理解每个词的精确意思，而要把注意力放在掌握整段文章或全篇文章的意思上。经过这样的过程，我们就能以最快速度看懂一篇文章，这对拓宽知识面及培养语感是很有帮助的。
写
用意大利语写文章不是件容易的事，在意大利语学习者中，相当一部分都只能讲一口流利的意大利语，却很难写出一篇像样的文章。我一直认为，用意大利语写文章，不但要熟悉语法规则，还要对对意大利国家的文化和语言习惯有透彻的了解。任何的疏忽或用词不当都有可能破坏整篇文章的美感。如果大家每星期（甚至每天）都能用意大利语写一些短小的随感，然后第二天阅读自己写的东西，并从中挑出错误，日积月累得坚持下去，定能取得不小的进步。
Lesson 1
This Week's New Words:
ciao - hello, goodbye (familiar)
salve - hello
addio - goodbye
bene - well
egli - he (literary)
lui - he (common speech), him
ella - she (literary)
lei - she (common speech), her
esso - it (masculine)
essa - it (feminine)
essi - they (persons or things)
loro - them (persons or things), they (common speech, persons)
grazie - thank you
spiacente - I'm sorry
noi - us, we (plural)
signore - sir, mister, mr.
signora - madame, mrs.
signorina - miss
tu - you (informal)
voi - you (plural, formal and informal)
io - I
Numbers 1-10
0 zero
1 uno
2 due
3 tre
4 quattro
5 cinque
6 sei
7 sette
8 otto
9 nove
10 dieci
Pronunciation
The Italian alphabet is fairly similar to our own (English, or depending on where you're from, American). The letters K,J,W,X,Y occur only in foreign origin words. Each lesson will explain a few more letters. This week, I'll explain the interesting letters (or combinations thereof) from this week's words (above).
gli
The gli (followed or not by another vowel) in Italian is pronounced more or less as ll in Spanish
However there are words like glicine (flower name), negligente, anglicano in which, for etymological reasons, g and l are pronounced as two separate sounds as in English.
Thus, the Italian word coniglio (rabbit) is pronounced like conihlyo. and the word conigli (rabbits) is pronounced like conihli.
gn
The gn is the same sound as Spanish ? i.e. is the same sound as the ny pair in the word canyon.
Thus, signore is pronounced like sin-yore.
h
The Italian h is always silent and as such an Italian speaker won't pronounce it when it occurs in foreign origin words (e.g. hotel). Moreover the letter h in Italian occurs only in the groups ch and gh (see below) and in the present tense of the verb to have. Thus, ho ( [I] have ) is pronounced o and hanno ( [they] have) is pronounced anno, the same as the word anno (year).
a, e, i, o, u
The Italian vowels have only one sound, regardless of what letters they precede or follow, or accent marks on the vowel, with the (minor) exception of e and o.
a
The a is always pronounced as in the English word car.
e
The e has the sound of the e in bed. Actually there are two sounds of e :
an OPEN one, indicated with the grave accent : è a CLOSED one, indicated with the acute accent : é Note however that such accents are NOT normally written (unless they are required for tonic reasons), and appear only in dictionaries. Moreover, dictionaries report an ideal Tuscan pronunciation which is subject to ample regional variations. For instance the words perché (why) and stélla (star) are usually pronounced in the North as perchè and stèlla. In general a mispronunciation at this level won't be noticed, or if it is noticed (for instance méla (apple) is pronounced everywhere like that, and if you pronounce mèla it will sound funny) you will be understood. There are words in which a difference in accent causes a different meaning, as in pèsca (peach) and pésca (fishing), but in the North we pronounce both words as the first one and are understood everywhere.
A note on accents : dictionaries indicate the tonic accent, i.e. put an accent on the vowel in the stressed syllable in the word (this is in the vast majority of cases the last but one, so called plain or flat words). This accent is not used and not required in normal writing. In normal writing the accent is required ONLY if the word ENDS with an accented vowel (i.e. the last syllable is accented, so called truncated words), e.g. perché. In handwriting do not bother to use the acute or the grave accent, just put any little sign over the vowel. On typewriters with Italian keyboards there are accented keys. On computer keyboards we usually prefer to use ASCII keyboards without accented keys, and just use an apostrophe instead of the accent, e.g. perche' : it is simpler and more portable.
i
The Italian i is the same as the English long e or ee as in see.
o
The o is always pronounced as the o in the word cold or dog. Here too actually there are two sounds of o :
an OPEN one, indicated with the grave accent : ò (similar to dog) a CLOSED one, indicated with the acute accent : ó (similar to cold) The same comments made above for the letter e hold.
u
The Italian u has the sound of the English oo as in too or the English ue as in blue.
r
As opposed to the English r, which is formed in the back of the mouth with the back of the tongue, the Italian r is formed using the tip of the tongue on the upper palate, behind the front teeth, more like the English d.
________________________________________
Being the first lesson, this week you're just learning some of the basics. The main emphasis is on pronouns (io, lei) and numbers (zero through dieci). Also, you're being introduced to some of the most common greeting and short phrases, such as salve (hello) and spiacente (I'm sorry).
Without knowing any verbs, there aren't many sentences to be made with the words we have, but here are some (short) examples with what we know:
Salve, signorina. - Hello, miss.
Spiacente, signore. - I'm sorry, sir.
And yes, that's about all we can do right now, but these are still good examples of Italian grammatical structure. Notice how similar the above sentences are to English - salve comes first, and then the subject, signorina. You can form the same kinds of sentences using addio and grazie, and signora, in addition to the example sentences above. However, you can't make a sentence like this:
Salve, lei.
What the above sentence literally says is hello, you, and while it may be possible to think of times in English when you might say that, in Italian the sentence is meaningless, and people will look at you funny if you say Salve voi! in the middle of a group of Italian-speaking people. You could however say Salve a voi! (literally hello to you), although it sounds slightly unusual.
Numbers. Numbers, as you should all know, are important. That's why I've included some in the first lesson. For the moment, you only know the numbers between 0 (zero) and 10 (dieci), but that will change. What can you do with the numbers zero through dieci? Count your toes! Uno, due, tre, quattro, cinque, sei, sette, otto, nove, dieci…… Recite your phone number! cinque, cinque cinque, otto, sei, zero, due (555-8602); note that however in Italian it is usual to pronounce phone numbers by group (i.e. as it were five-hundred-and-fifty-five eighty-six zero-two) but you'll wait for another lesson for that. Tell someone how many sisters you have (due). What you can't do with the numbers zero through dieci is make numbers bigger than dieci by stringing them together. Due zero is not the same as 20, although if you were in a pinch, you might be able to make someone understand that 20 was what you meant. Don't worry, we'll get to the rest of the numbers (1-1000) in the next few lessons.
Pronouns. Pronouns (io, tu, Lei, egli, ella, noi, voi, essi, and loro) aren't anything that you can actually use yet, because I haven't given you any verbs. But as we progress, pronouns will be very important, so I'm introducing them now. The Italian pronouns are used almost always exactly the same way they are in English. In English, you would say
I went to the store.
In Italian, you would just substitute io for I in the sentence above (we'll pretend that the rest of the sentence is really in Italian) and end up with
Io went to the store.
Trust me, how one uses these pronouns will make much more sense when we learn some verbs.