2014考研英语真题解析：翻译

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　　2014考研英语真题解析：翻译

　　(49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

　　这句话的主语位置并没有如正常的主语是名词，出现在was前的是一个Especially significant，这是不能做主语的，故我们想到有特殊结构在这句话中的存在。这个一个比较典型的表语前置的倒装，还原后语序应为his view of freedom was especially significant，这样看的话主干部分就很好理解。

　　这种倒装结构也是我们近年的真题的考察重点之一，比如在我们2012年英语一真题的Text 1中的最后一段，就出现了这样的结构：Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. 而这句话也恰恰是这篇文章最后一道题的解题关键，这句话的准确理解决定了这道题的得分与否。

　　这类倒装结构的突破口在于：识别出be动词之前的内容是名词性的还是形容词性的，然后找到句子主干，判断出句子的正常语序，理清句中各部分的关系。翻译时既可以按照主谓语的顺序翻译，也可以按照英语表达顺序翻译。

　　表语前置的倒装是广大考生觉得比较难分辨的语法点，希望大家注意。

　　2014年翻译真题：

　　Section III Translation

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

　　Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music. (46) It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.

　　Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. (47) By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.

　　This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. (48) Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an intense crescendo and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.

　　Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behaviour and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society. (49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

　　Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of catharsis. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. (50) One could paraphrase much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.

　　答案：

　　46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it and not grasp music itself.

　　这就是为什么当我们尝试用语言来描述音乐时，我们能清楚的表达对音乐的反应，但并没有领会音乐的精髓。

　　47. By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let along the performance, of his works.

　　据大家所说，贝多芬是个思想自由而且有勇气的人，发现勇气是理解他作品的本质，更不用说演奏他的作品了。

　　48. Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.

　　贝多芬表演时习惯性的增加他的音量，然后突然转为柔和的节拍，前辈的音乐家很少有这种习惯。

　　49. Especially significant was his views of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual; he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

　　尤其重要的是他对自由的看法，他认为这和个人的权利和责任有关，他提倡思想自由和个人言论自由。

　　50. One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.

　　人们会将贝多芬的很多作品解释为——痛苦是难免的，但是与痛苦抗争的勇气表明生命值得活下去。

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