云南大理苍山洱海导游词导游词
篇一
大家好!游览了大理古城，初步感受了此地人文景观的深邃;现在我们去观赏苍山洱海，领略大理的山水之美。
首先，我们乘游艇去洱海公园。洱海公园又名团山公园，位于下关城区东北2公里处的团山。它北临碧波万顷的洱海，西与苍山南端的斜阳峰相对。南诏国时，这里是国王的鹿苑。1976年这里新辟为公园，占地1600余亩。山上有动物园和苗圃花坛，广植大理地区的各种名花异卉，是一个很好的休憩游览之地。
现在游船已到洱海公园临海长堤，我们离船上岸，这是团山脚下的滨海游览区沿着270多级石阶拾级而上，我们到达山顶。大家看，这翘角飞檐的楼阁是望海楼，檐下悬匾，上书：玉洱银苍”，黑底金字，苍劲古雅，它是中国慕名画家吴作人的手笔。望海楼是领略“玉洱银苍”的佳境，凭栏远眺：东边洱海浩瀚，一碧万顷，西边苍山绵延，莽莽苍苍。
各位朋友，让我们再次登船，到洱海中去遨游。但我先要向大家介绍是却是苍山。先前，我们在大理城，在苍山脚下的公路上，没能很好地端详苍山雄姿。正如古人所说“不识庐山真面目，只缘身在此山中”;在洱海公园望海楼，视角偏斜，也只能看到苍山末端。现在，随着游船不断前行，我们眼中的苍山是不是更真切些?有人说，横断山脉像一只巨臂，从“世界屋脊”西藏高原向南伸到了云南西部，苍山就是这支世界著名山脉中云岭的一个分支。
苍山，又名点苍山，因其山色苍翠，山顶点白而得名。苍山共有十九峰。这十九峰从北至南的顺序是：云弄、沧浪、五台、莲花、白云、鹤云、三阳、兰峰、雪人、应乐、观音、中和、龙泉、玉局、马龙、圣应、佛顶、马耳、斜阳。十九峰中，马龙峰最高，海拔4122米。苍山十九峰，两峰夹一溪，一共十八溪;溪水东流、注入洱海，十八溪由北向南，基排列为：霞移、万花、阳溪、芒涌、锦溪、灵泉、白石、双鸳、隐仙、梅溪、桃溪、中溪、绿玉、龙溪、清碧、莫残、葶蓂、阳南。
苍山景色以雪、云、泉石而著称。我先向大家介绍苍山的雪。经夏不消的苍山雪，是大理“风花雪月”四大名景之最。皑皑苍山雪，历代文墨客赞辞颇多， 民间传说也不少。明代文学家李元阳曾赞美：“日丽苍山雪，瑶台十九峰”。
苍山的云更是名传遐迩。云聚云散，有时淡如轻烟，有时浓如泼墨。在变幻多姿的云景中，最神奇的是“望夫云”和“玉带云”。所谓“望夫云”是指每当冬春时节，苍山玉局峰顶常会出现一朵孤单的云，忽志忽落，上下飘动，若盼若顾。奇特之处在于它一出现，点苍山便骤起暴风，刮向洱海。所谓“玉带云”，是指每当夏末秋初，雨后初晴，苍山十九峰半山间往往会出现白云朵朵，云朵聚汇，慢慢拉开，宛若洁白的玉带横束苍翠的山腰。绵延数十里，竟日不消散。奇妙的是，“玉带云”会预兆农业丰收：它出现次数多，当年就风调雨顺。当地白族有农谚：“苍山系玉带，饿狗吃白米”。
苍山的泉也很有名。十九峰中海拔在3800米以上的峰顶有不少高山冰碛湖泊，这是第四纪冰川留下来的。还有那十八溪的溪水，飞瀑叠泉，四季奔泻，在清纯甘甜泉水的滋养下，苍山充满生机。冰碛湖畔，密布着原始森林和许多珍奇林木、奇异花卉，特别应告诉大家的是，苍山的花卉早就芳名远播，而且它还使苍山名扬四海。美国教授罗·兰开斯特曾说：“在美国有100多万知道中国云南的大理苍山，因为他们都种有许多美丽的大理苍山的杜鹃花。”
苍山的石，驰名中外。郭沫若有《咏大理石》诗：“三塔矜高古，顺思贞观年。苍山韵风月，奇石吐云烟。相在心胸外，凉生肘腋间。天功人力代，海外竞珍传。”
苍山孕育了大理石，大理石就是苍山的魂。这种瑰丽的奇石，世界许多地方都有，独大理的最奇美，且开民得早，因此，全世界凡此奇石均称为“大理石”，“大理”也因石而名扬天下。
各位朋友，我们的游船正在前行，现在应该向大家介绍这碧波万顷的洱海本身了。
洱海，古称昆明池、洱河、叶榆泽等;因其状似人耳，故名洱海。它南北长42公里，东西宽3-9公里，湖岸线长117公里，面积250多平方公里;平均水深10.5米，最深21.5米，蓄水量28.8亿立方米，面积与蓄水量均列云南湖泊第二，在全国淡水湖中居第七位。
洱海南有弥苴河等注入，西纳苍山十八溪水，东汇波罗江、挖色河、南面的西洱河是惟一出海口，经漾濞红绕入澜沧江。洱海属构造湖，湖岸东西多崖壁，北西南三面为沙洲。
大家看，洱海水深清澈，宛若无瑕的美玉，秀丽无比，它正以广阔的胸怀欢迎各位来自远方的宾朋。洱海是中国著名的高原湖泊，早在汉代它已名载史册。
“洱海月”是大理四大名景之一。如果在农历十五月明之夜泛舟洱海，其月格外的亮、格外的圆，其景令人心醉：水中，月圆如轮，浮光摇金;天空，玉镜高悬，清辉灿灿，从洱海中浴出。看着，看着，水天辉映，你竟分不清是天月掉海，还是海月升天。洱海月为什么如此明亮?科学的结论是：一、洱海水质特别纯净，透明度相当高，其反光极强;二、洱海海面尘埃较少，空气清新，使得水天相映，月光更加明亮。此外，洱海月之著名，还在于洁白无瑕的苍山雪倒映在洱海中，与冰清玉洁的洱海月交相辉映，构成银苍玉洱的一大奇观。
与苍山雪、洱海月相连的大理四大名景还有上关花、下关风。洱海和苍山之间的坝子，是一个狭长形的冲积平原。南诏国时，在这一狭长地带北南两边各筑一座小城，扼守要冲，保卫王都的安全。北边的称龙首关，又称上关;南边的称龙尾关，即今下关。所谓上关花，是指上关“十里香奇树”，此花原在上关沙坪街的和山寺内，其花大如莲，年开数百朵，香气溢四方，花开时节，观者如云。又因此树结果壳坚，可做朝珠，故花又称“朝珠花”。后来，此花绝迹了。前些年，据说有人在苍山森林中又找到了它。下关风指西洱河谷吹入下关的风，终年不止，尤以冬春为盛，你一进入下关就可以感到下关风的存在。它几乎每天都以怒号，扫街穿巷，撩衣揭帽，使下关了得到了“风城”的雅号。
大理的风花雪月四大名景，有小诗一首将其串在一起，便于记忆，亦颇有情趣：下关风，上关花，下关风吹上关花;苍山雪，洱海月，洱海月照苍山雪。说到这里，请各位看一看我们白族姑娘的绣花包头。你可别小看它，它体现了大理四大名景。请看：微风吹来，耳边雪白的缨穗随风飘飘洒洒，显现了下关的风;包头上绚丽多彩的花朵，代表了上关的花;顶端这白茸茸的丝头，远远看去就像苍山的雪;整个包头的形状就如洱海上的弯月一样的明丽动人。
篇二
Fellow friends:
Hello! Toured theDali old city, initially has feltthis humanities landscape profoundness; Now we watch the CangshanErhai, understands the Dali's America of scenery.
First, we ride the yacht to go to the Erhai park. The Erhai park othername group mountain park, is l ocated the Hsiakuan city northeast 2kilometers place groups mountains. North it near ocean waves Wan QingErhai, west and Cangshan SouthEnd setting sun peak relative. WhenNanzhao country, here is king's deer park. In 1976 here newly wardedoff for the park, Occupiesdi 1,600 Chinese acres. On the mountain has thezoo and the plant nursery flower-bed, broadly plants the Daliareaeach kind of precious flower different plant, is very good rests placeof the tour.
Now the pleasure boat to the Erhai park near the sea causeway, we cameashore to the ship, this is under the group foot of a hill Binhai tourarea along 270 multistage stone steps AscendsLevel on, we arrive the summit.Everybody looked that, this Curls upwardsAngle upturned eave pavilion is looks thesea building, the eave hangs from above the plaque, submits a writtenstatement: Jade Er silver dark green ", the black bottom goldcharacter, vigorous is classically elegant, it is the Chinese inadmiration of somebody's fame painter Wu Zuoren's writing skill. Looksthe sea building is understands "the jade Er silver dark green"happiest extent, leans against a railing looks out into the distance:East side Erhai vast, boundless, west Cangshan is continuous,luxuriant is gray.
Fellow friends, let us go on board once more, roams through to Erhaiin. But I first must to everybody introduction be actually amCangshan. Formerly, we in the Dali city, under on the dark green footof a hill road, have not been able to look at carefully the Cangshangrand appearance well. Just like the ancient said "does not know thetruth about the matter, only reason body in this mountain"; Looks thesea building in the Erhai park, the angle of view Inclines, also onlycan see the Cangshan terminal. Now, unceasingly leads the way alongwith the pleasure boat, in our eye Cangshan is not clearer? Somepeople said that, a Hengduan pulse condition great arm, the Tibetplateau extended west Yunnan from "the roof of the world" to thesouth, Cangshan was in this world famous sierra a cloud range branch.
Cangshan, also names the Diancang, is green because of its mountaincolor, the mountain apex acquires fame in vain. Cangshan altogetherhas 19 peaks. This 19 peaks from the north to the south order are: Thecloud makes, green, five, the lotus flower, the white clouds, thecrane cloud, three positive, the blue peak, the snowman, should behappy, the Goddess of Mercy, center and, Longquan, the jade bureau,Malone, the saint should, Buddha go against, Ma Er, the setting sun.In 19 peaks, the Malone peak is highest, elevation 4,122 meters. TheCangshan 19 peaks, two peaks clamp a brook, altogether 18 brooks; Eastthe mountain stream flows, pours into Erhai, 18 brooks from north tosouth, the base arrangement is: South the rosy cloud moves, Wan Hua,the positive brook, the awn wells up, the brocade brook, the spiritspring, the white stone, the double mandarin duck, hides the immortal,Mei Xi, the peach brook, center the brook, the emerald, Longxi, clearblue, remnant, Pavilion mouth, is not positive.
The Cangshan scenery by the snow, the cloud, SpringStone is famous. I firstintroduce Cangshan to everybody the snow. After the summer needlessCangshan snow, is Dali "the love affair" four given names scenery. Thesnow white Cangshan snow, all previous dynasties article literatiapproves the refined language quite a lot, the folklore also many. Thethe Ming Dynasty writer Li Yuanyang once praised: "Date Li Cangshansnow, Precioustai 19 peaks".
Cangshan's cloud is the famous biography is far and wide. The cloudgathers the cloud to disperse, sometimes the pale like light smoke,sometimes is thick like splashes ink. In fluctuates varied center, what is most mysterious is "looks the husband cloud" and "thejade belt cloud". So-called "looks the husband cloud" is referswhenever the winter spring the season, the Cangshan jade bureau peakregular meeting appears a lonely cloud, suddenly remembers suddenlyfalls, about flutters, if hoped if attends to. Unusual occupying to anits appearance, the Diancang then suddenly gets up the storm, blows toErhai. So-called "jade belt cloud", is refers whenever at the end ofthe summer FallInitially, After rainFirst clear, between the Cangshan 19 peakshalfways up the mountainside often can appear white clouds, the cloudsGathersCollects, slowly pulls open, if the pure white jade belt horizontallyties the green mountainside. Is continuous dozens of miles,unexpectedly the date does not dissipate. Marvelous is, "the jade beltcloud" meets the omen agriculture abundant harvest: It appears thenumber of times to be many, same year on good crop weather. Local Painationality has the farmer's proverb: "Cangshan is the jade belt, thehungry dog eats the rice".
Cangshan's spring very is also famous. In 19 peaks the elevation hasmany mountains moraine lake in 3,800 meter above peak, this is thequaternary period glacier stays behind. Also has that 18 brooks themountain stream, flies the waterfall to fold the spring, the fourseasons rushes down, in under clear sweet water seepage nourishing,Cangshan fills the vitality. The moraine lakeside, the densely coveredvirgin forest and many precious forests, the strange flowers andplants, specially should tell everybody are, Cangshan's flowers andplants already fine reputation far broadcasts, moreover it also causesCangshan to be famous far and wide. American Professor Luo Lancasteronce said that, "Has 1000000 in US to know the Chinese Yunnan the DaliCangshan, because they all plant have many beautiful Dali Cangshan theIndian azalea."
Cangshan's stone, renowned at home and abroad. Guo Moruo has "ChantsMarble" the poem: "Three towers are high ancient, along thinksLoyalView year. The Cangshan rhyme love affair, the wonderful stone spitsthe mist. Outside the heart, coolly lives ElbowArmpit. The day meritmanpower generation, the overseas compete the treasure biography."
Cangshan has bred the marble, the marble is Cangshan's soul. This kindof magnificent wonderful stone, world many places all have, the aloneDali's most wonderful America, also opens the people early, therefore,world every this wonderful stone is called "the marble", "Dali" alsoraises the world because of Shi Erming.
Fellow friends, our pleasure boat vanguard, now should introduce thisocean waves Wan Qing to everybody Erhai itself.
Erhai, ancient name Kunming pond, Er river, Ye Yu Ze and so on;Because it resembles the person ear, therefore Erhai. Its north andsouth long 42 kilometers, the thing extends 3-9 kilometer, the lakewaterfront long 117 kilometers, the area more than 250 squarekilometers; The hydraulic mean depth 10.5 meters, the deepest 21.5meters, the water-holding capacity 2.88 billion cubic meters, the areaand the water-holding capacity arrange in order the Yunnan lakesecond, occupies seventh in the national fresh water lake.
South Erhai has makes up the river and so on to pour into, WestNatriumthe Cangshan 18 mountain streams, east collect the Polo river, dig thecolor river, the south side west Er river are the only estuaries,after Ripples red circles into Lanchan River. Erhai is the tectoniclake, the lake shore thing are many CliffWall, north southwest three arethe sandbars.
Everybody looked, Erhai water depth limpid, if the non- flaw beautifuljade, is beautiful incomparably, it is welcome each position by thebroad mind to come from the distant place guest. Erhai is the Chinafamous high land moor, as early as it has carried the annals in theHan Dynasty.
"Er Sea Month" is Dali one of four given names scenery. If goes boatingErhai in the lunar calendar ten in May bright nights, its monthespecially bright, especially circle, its scenery elated: In thewater, the month circle like wheel, floats the light to swing thegold; The sky, the jade mirror high hangs, the clear splendor isshining, the bath leaves from Erhai. Looks that, looks, the water andsky shines, you unexpectedly cannot distinguish clearly are the daymonth fall the sea,
orSeaMonth ascends to heaven. Is Er SeaMonth so whybright? The scientific conclusion is: First, Erhai water qualityspecially pure, the transparency is quite high, its reflection greatlystrengthened; Second, Erhai sea level dust less, air fresh, causes thewater and sky to serve as contrast, the moonlight is brighter. Inaddition, Er SeaMonth is famous, but also lies in the pure white non-flaw the Cangshan snow to produce an inverted image in Erhai, SeaMonthenhances one another's beauty with as pure as driven snow Er, aconstitution silver dark green jade Er's big marvelous sight.
With the Cangshan snow, the Er SeaMonth connected Dali four given namesscenery also have Guan Hua, the Hsiakuan wind. Between Erhai andCangshan's dam, is a long shape silting alluviation plain. WhenNanzhao country, nearby two respectively builds a xiaocheng in thisstrip north and south, holds the important location, defends the kingsall safety. North name Long Shouguan, also called closes; Southernregion name Dragon's Tail pass, at once Hsiakuan. On so-called closesthe flower, is refers closes "ten mile fragrant wonderful tree", thisflower originally shapings the street and Shan Sinei in on pass, itsflowered big like lotus, the year opens several hundred, the fragranceoverflows the four directions, the flower opens the season, the viewlike cloud.
Also therefore the tree ties the husk to be firm, may dofaces the bead, therefore the flower called "faces the pearl headornament". Afterwards, this flower vanished. The first years, somepeople had it is said found it in the Cangshan forest. West theHsiakuan wind refers to the Er river valley to inject Hsiakuan thewind, continues all year long, You takedong as is spring abundant, youas soon as enter Hsiakuan to be allowed to feel the Hsiakuan wind theexistence. It roars nearly every day, sweeps the street to put on thelane, holds up the bottom of garment uncovers the hat, caused Hsiakuanobtained "the wind city" the nickname.
Dali's love affair four given names scenery, has poem its string inthe same place, is advantageous for remembered, also quite has theappeal: The Hsiakuan wind, on closes the flower, the Hsiakuan windblows closes the flower; Cangshan snow, Er SeaMonth, Er SeaMonth accordingto Cangshan snow. Speaks of here, asks each position to look our Painationality girls embroider flowered Baotou. You might not despise it,it have manifested the Dali four given names scenery. Please lookedthat, The breeze blows, nearby the ear snow white Ear with the windfloatingly sprinkled, has appeared Hsiakuan's wind; In Baotou gorgeousflowers, has represented the flower which on closes; The peak this is white SilkHead, looked by far likes Cangshan the snow; The entireBaotou's shape same bright is moving on like Erhai's in crescent moon.