中国人如今经济发展良好，有钱了，生活水平提高了，于是许多人出国旅游或是留学。出国，那么就要申请，在申请的过程中就会出现许多的问题。出国留学，一份标准的留学申请书应该包含哪些材料呢?这些材料应该怎么写谁来写呢?今天出国留学网小编就为大家详述出国留学申请文书的种类以及如何准备。
简历 (Curriculum Vitae orRésumé)
Curriculum Vitae or Résumé 都可以翻译成简历，但实际上，Résumé具有更加自由和多样化的组织格式，通常用于找工作。然而，Curriculum Vitae对于格式的要求则相对严格，通常用于在学校或教育机构寻找机会。
另外不同的是，Résumé倾向于为某种特定的目的或目标读者而量身定制，通常以陈述个人目标开始，然后按照重要性罗列出自己以往的成就。而Curriculum Vitae则是按照时间顺序，以浓缩的数据形式，呈现出一个完整的自己。
申请材料清单 (Cover Letter orApplication Checklist)
申请材料清单的内容包括申请人的姓名、联系方式、申请的院系及专业，最重要的是要逐一罗列您申请包中的所有材料。这样可以使拿到您材料的每一个人井然有序的查找您所有的文件，避免传递过程中的遗漏。同样，如果遇到材料不全或邮寄过程中的丢失，一张清晰明确的申请材料清单，也可以使得更方便快捷地联系到您。
个人陈述(Personal Statement)
通常我们叫做PS，即Personal Statement 或 Statement ofPurpose. PS的主要内容包括你为什么要选择这个学校和专业;你的优势和业绩，尤其是在大学期间或工作背景中与申请专业领域相关的部分;你的英语水平及特长;整个的学习过程会对你在未来的发展中有何帮助以及你对未来的发展计划与目标。
PS是西方国家学校、工作申请中非常重要的参考材料之一，也是申请人全面展现自己的关键机会。同时，PS也是对所有申请材料的综合和总结，它就像是一条贯穿始终的主线。一封好的PS可以帮助你在众多的申请材料中脱颖而出，申请顺利成功。
研究计划 (Research Proposal)
Research Proposal是申请科研性硕士、博士学位的一个必要材料。它的主要内容是陈述你对这个研究领域的了解与想法，也是未来导师最关心的部分。他们希望能从你的研究计划中发现你对做科研的热情以及对其研究领域方面的潜质。因此这份材料很可能成为你能否被录取的直接因素。
我们拥有来自各个专业，毕业于英国各大名校的研究学者。由他们帮您介绍做科研的经验、把握研究计划的起草方向，相信您的申请一定会事半功倍。
推荐信(References)
Reference是申请人的大学导师或单位领导等那些教导您，熟悉您，在您过去的经历中有重要地位的人来完成。申请过程中，通常需要两封推荐信。如果您是应届毕业生，这两封信均由您大学期间的老师完成，如果您已经参加工作，那么一封由原学校导师执笔，一封则可由您目前雇主代理。
推荐信的作用举足轻重，因为除大学成绩单和英语标准考成绩外，这两封信是对您唯一的客观评价材料。如何把握好您不同阶段推荐人的身份，对您作出真实、有力的总结，是写好推荐信的关键。
留学申请范文-Cornell University
Cornell UniversityFinancial Engineering
Upon arriving at college, I was intent on discovering what I would truly love to do for the rest of my life. I was eager to explore the richness of the world and my own passion. Since then, I have found the answer in quantitative finance and now look forward to learning in greater depth about my chosen field.
At the time of my graduation from high school in China, I dreamed of becoming a great inventor, like Thomas Edison or Orville or Wilbur Wright. During the first two years of college, I explored, first, the field of mechanical engineering and, then, ECE (electrical and computer engineering).However, neither area seemed to offer me sufficient opportunities to exercise critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Then, one day, toward the end of my sophomore year, I talked with a friend who excitedly told me about a project using a quantitative approach that she and her classmates were completing for an optimization modeling class. I was thrilled and immediately decided to transfer to OR (Operations Research).
The following summer, I served an internship in a mutual fund company based in Shanghai. Working in the firm’s newly established Strategy Department, I enjoyed opportunities to familiarize myself with many varied aspects of the business. Furthermore, aware that I was studying Operations Research, my boss invited me to launch a quantitative investment strategy project. Although, at that time, I knew relatively little about OR, I excitedly accepted the challenge. Throughout the summer, after working all day, I would spend the evening reading research papers. The beauty and potential of quantitative analysis fascinated me, and further reinforced my decision to study OR.
During my junior year, I began participating in the Cornell Alpha Fund, a student-run investment fund. I soon became a partner, co-managing the fund along with five other partners. In the educational sessions we organize to provide ourselves as well as our members with a learning environment, we require every presentation to include both qualitative and quantitative analysis, with an emphasis on applying our knowledge to practical real-world situations. What we derive from these meetings then enriches our classroom learning. Perhaps ironically, my involvement in club operations and in investment decisions, while broadening my knowledge, has also made me aware of my and other members’ limitations, especially on the quantitative side. As a result of our lack of expertise in that area, we were able to execute very few options trades and no futures trades at all. My decision to pursue further study in graduate school stems in part from my desire to more fully understand the field of derivatives and the quantitative side of the financial markets.
My academic experiences at Cornell have prepared me well for graduate study. For example, I was involved in several relevant research projects. In my junior year, I assisted Professor Rick Geddes in creating a rule-of-law index for various countries. In my senior year, I continued to work with Professor Geddes on a PPP (public private partnership) highway construction project. In addition, as a senior, I assisted Professor PeterFrazier in the development of a simulation with a graphical user interface (GUI), a project based on a research problem in scheduling follow-up checkups for patients after vascular surgery. For me, the research process itself ―addressing challenges and getting closer and closer to solutions ― is delightful. The prospect of continuing to engage in stimulating research is another reason I wish to enroll in a graduate program.
My specific choice of Mathematics in Finance in a Master’s program emanates from one of my most fascinating classes at Cornell: Professor Ming Huang’s Behavior Finance. Listening to Professor Huang explains the behavior of financial markets and, in particular, the ways in which these behaviors are inefficient, I was intrigued by the prospect of applying quantitative analysis to these markets. My goal in a graduate program is to combine my quantitative skills and interests with my background in finance.
After completing the Master’s program, I plan to pursue a career in my home country, China, where quantitative trading and algorithm trading are still in the early stages of development. My internship made me aware that, because of the lack of arbitrageurs and algorithm traders, quantitative strategies can be more effective in China than in countries like the U.S., in which the financial markets are already mature and more efficient. I keenly anticipate using the skills and knowledge I will acquire in a graduate program in Mathematics in Finance to improve the efficiency and contribute to the maturity of financial markets in China.
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