德国哥廷根大学基本概况

　　哥廷根大学成立于1737年，是启蒙运动批判精神的产物，目前在QS世界大学排名中位列181位。下面是出国留学网整理并翻译的哥廷根大学基本概况，供大家参考。

　　一、关于哥廷根大学

　　Georg-August University of Goettingen was founded in 1737. As an institution is resulted from the critical spirit of the Enlightenment. Georgia Augusta succeeded in producing or offering temporary scientific shelter to world-class researchers throughout the ages who have contributed to the University's international reputation in the natural sciences as well as in the arts. Goettingen is linked with over 40 Nobel Prize winners who researched and lived here during their times. The high standard of research and research-based teaching provides continuing inspiration to expanding the University's excellence as it faces the challenges confronting universities in the 21st century. Reform projects in research, teaching and administration provide a firm basis for the future.

　　哥廷根大学成立于1737年，是启蒙运动批判精神的产物。哥廷根大学成功地为各个年龄段的世界级研究员创造和提供了临时的科学避难所;反过来，这些顶尖的研究员也为哥廷根大学在自然科学和艺术领域的国际名声做出了贡献。40多位诺贝尔奖得主曾在哥廷根大学从事过研究，在这里生活过。高标准科研和以科研为基础的教学为扩大学校优势提供了持续的动力，令学校在面对21世纪挑战的时候也游刃有余。科研、教学和管理等方面的改革也为学校的未来发展提供了坚实的基础。

　　Faculty staff and students (by QS)

　　师生人数（QS数据）

　　二、哥廷根大学的历史

　　1734/37

　　The founding of G?ttingen University took place at the instance of the local ruler Elector George Augustus of Hanover (who was at the same time the King of Great Britain as George II due to the personal union with Great Britain and Ireland from 1714), after whom the University was named.

　　1734/37

　　1736 – approx. 1800

　　University policy mainly means appointment policy – and Münchhausen proved to have the right touch in this field. Among the great number of scholars whom he called to G?ttingen, many of whom were internationally renowned, were

　　- Albrecht von Haller, physician, natural scientist, and poet (in G?ttingen 1736–1756)

　　- Johann David Michaelis, theologist and orientalist (in G?ttingen 1746–1791)

　　- Christian Gottlob Heyne, archaeologist and library director (in G?ttingen 1763–1812)

　　- Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, physicist, philosopher, and writer (in G?ttingen 1770–1799)

　　- August Ludwig von Schl?zer, publisher and historian (in G?ttingen 1769–1809)

　　The G?ttingen Academy of Sciences which was founded in 1751 played a decisive role in the rise of G?ttingen to a scientific centre of European importance.

　　哥廷根大学在时为英国国王兼汉诺威大公的乔治二世的主张下成立，并以国王的名字命名。(乔治二世当上英国国王得益于自1714年起大英帝国与爱尔兰的私人联盟。)

　　1736-1800

　　大学政策主要涉及聘任政策，而闵希豪森确实有权干预。闵希豪森聘任了许多了不起的学者，包括

　　阿尔布莱克·冯·哈勒——内科医生、自然科学家和诗人，1736–1756在哥廷根供职

　　约翰·大卫·米夏埃利斯——神学家和东方学者1746–1791在哥廷根供职

　　Christian Gottlob Heyne——考古学家、图书馆馆长，1763–1812在哥廷根供职

　　里希登堡——物理学家、哲学家和作家， 1770–1799在哥廷根供职

　　August Ludwig von Schl?zer——出版商、历史学家，1769–1809在哥廷根供职。

　　成立于1751年的哥廷根科学院对哥廷根成为欧洲重要科研中心起了决定作用。

　　1741

　　The flourishing Georgia Augusta rapidly drew students from all of Germany, Europe, and other parts of the world to G?ttingen. For example, a certain Andrea, son of Habashi, from Lebanon spent time in G?ttingen in 1741 and wrote his name into a students' register in Arabic writing.

　　2007

　　G?ttingen University is the only university in Northern Germany that was selected to receive funding within the framework of the Initiative for Excellence of the Federation and the L?nder (states). It was selected for its institutional strategy "G?ttingen. Tradition – Innovation – Autonomy". The concept for project-oriented development of top-class university research involves the measures Brain Gain, Brain Sustain, LichtenbergKolleg, and G?ttingen International. The G?ttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences and Molecular Biosciences and the excellence cluster "Microscopy at the Nanometer Range" also came out as winners at the excellence competition.

　　1741

　　哥廷根大学的繁荣迅速吸引了德国、欧洲和世界其他地方的学生。一个例子就是，Habashi之子安德里亚1741年从黎巴嫩来到了哥廷根，并用阿拉伯语在注册处写下了自己的名字。

　　2007

　　哥廷根大学是德国北部仅有的获得“联邦与州优秀计划”资金的大学。获得资金援助是因其机构战略。顶尖大学科研中的项目导向发展概念涉及评估人才引进、人才保留、LichtenbergKolleg和哥廷根国际。哥廷根大学神经科学与分子生物科学研究生院和纳米技术显微镜学也让哥廷根大学优秀竞选中获得了加分。