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2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(3)
“There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.
在这三句话之中，第一句其实并不难，就是一个“插入语+倒装”的结构。含义也比较清楚——一位曾经获得诺贝尔奖的经济学家密尔顿·弗里德曼曾经写道：“企业有且只有一个社会责任，那就是利用它的资源从事旨在增加企业利润的活动”。
第二句前面是“even if”引导的条件状语从句，后面是主句，主句部分结构是“主系表”。第二句的含义是：但即使你接受弗里德曼的观点，并且把企业社会责任看作是浪费股东的钱，但事情可能不是非常清楚的。第三句的结构是“主语+谓语+宾语从句”，第三句的含义是：新的研究表明，企业社会责任可能会为公司创造货币价值——至少当他们被起诉腐败时是这样的。
再来看下面几句。Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act(FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.
这三句话都并不长，第一句的结构是“主谓宾+原因状语从句”。第二句主干结构也是“主谓宾”。最后一句看似很长，但结构其实很明显，it为形式主语，that后面的句子为真正的主语。这三句话的含义是：“因为以上三方面因素都会影响消费者，所以以往对企业社会责任的研究已经很难区分这些影响。最近的一项研究试图通过依据美国的《外国腐败行为法案》检举贿赂行为来区分这三方面影响。研究认为，因为起诉人不使用公司的产品作为他们的调查的一部分，所以他们可能只会受到光环效应的影响”。
最后来看Text 3的这几句作为练习。 In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.
参考释义为：总之，研究得出结论，起诉人似乎很容易受到企业社会责任记录的影响，然而他们其实应该只根据企业的功绩来评价案例。一位研究人员说，“我们估计，要么消除对大量的劳动权利的关注，如童工;要么增加企业成果的20%左右的罚款，这一般比贿赂外国官员的典型罚款低40%。”
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