v-ing形式是英语中非谓语动词的一种,它在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语和定语。
一、 v-ing形式作主语
表示泛指意义的行为。谓语动词要用第三人称单数。如:
Saving money is a good habit.
二、 v-ing形式作宾语
1. 有些动词后常跟v-ing形式作宾语,常见的有finish, practice, enjoy, suggest, keep, mind, advise等。如:
A young man practiced speaking English with Mr. Green just now.
2. 有些动词词组或某些结构后常跟v-ing形式,常见的有give up, look forward to, feel like, pay attention to, put off, succeed in, be / get used to, can’t help, be interested in, be afraid of, be busy等。如:
He gave up smoking in the end.
[友情提示]
1. 某些动词后既可跟动词不定式,也可跟v-ing形式作宾语,但表达的意思不同,常见的有remember to do sth. (记住去做某事), remember doing sth. (记得做过某事);forget to do sth. (忘记去做某事), forget doing sth.( 忘记做过某事); stop to do sth. (停下来去做另一件事), stop doing sth (停止做某事); try to do sth.(尽力做某事), try doing sth.(尝试做某事)等。
2. 还有一些动词后面既可跟动词不定式,也可跟v-ing形式作宾语,但表达的意思无多大区别,常见的有love, like, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue等。
三、 v-ing形式作宾语补足语
通常表示动作正在进行,能带这类结构的动词多为感官动词(如see, watch, hear等)以及某些使役动词(如keep, get 等)。如:
I saw him walking into the hall.
[友情提示]
v-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别是:v-ing形式表示动作正在进行,而动词不定式表示动作的完成。如:
I heard her singing in the next room.(我听到她正在唱歌)
I heard her sing in the next room. (我听到她唱歌了)
四、 v-ing形式作表语
v-ing形式作表语说明主语的性质或状况。如:
My hobby is reading.
五、 v-ing形式作定语
v-ing形式作定语表示用途,常放在所修饰词的前面。如:
He is now in the sleeping car. 他现在在卧铺车里。
[跟踪练习] 选出最佳选项。
( )1. It’s a good habit to practice ________ English aloud every morning.
A. to read B. reading
C. in reading D. to be reading
( )2. _____________ is bad for our health.
A. To do eye exercises
B. Go to bed early
C. Eating too much
D. Taking a walk after lunch
( )3. —Let’s have a rest, shall we?
—Not now. I don’t want to stop _______ the letter yet.
A. write B. to write
C. writing D. and write
( )4. I’m sorry to have kept you _________ for almost two hours.
A. wait B. to wait
C. waiting D. waited
( )5. The worker is busy _________ in the workplace.
A. work B. to work
C. works D. working
( )6. —Do you still remember _________ me some-where in Shanghai?
—Yes, of course. Two years ago.
A. to see B. see
C. seeing D. saw
大连 苏玉杉
Key: 1-6 BCCCDC
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