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新托福写作范文分析之微词大义
一.回顾
①词汇
Besides,without,colorful,essential,important,affect,influence
②短语
Have an effect/impact/influence on….,Spend…on,Even though
③句式
It is argued that...which is the best thing I can teach you.
As far as I am concerned, ...
My reasons are stated as follows
二.解决课后作业
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement.
Two people can be good friends even if one has more money than the other.
Paragraph 2(1)
First of all(首先,在此处为标志词,可以与firstly, at first, for a start进行替换), money is not the basis of (…的基础,on the basis of基于,…在…基础之上,base on是一个动词短语,表示以…为根据)true friendship. (这句话阐明了自己的第一个观点)As long as(只要,如果,但是as….as possible表达的是尽可能的含义) two people have the same hobbies, cherish the same ideals and follow the same path,(志同道合) then they will likely turn to(求助于turn to sb. for help, 转向,变成,此处也可以和become互换) be friends.
as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙
as deep as a well难以捉摸的
as light as a feather轻如鸿毛
Paragraph 2(2)
It is widely known that(众所周知,it做形式主语的主语从句) Marx and Engels were bosom friends(知心朋友,和intimate friends是同义词), in spite (尽管,即便,与in despite of ,for all that是同义词)the fact that there was a considerable (adj,重要的,指的考虑的,相当大的,与sizeable,goodsize...
03-12
一. 不一致(Disagreements)所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致,它还包括了数的不一致时态不一致及代词不一致等。
例1. When one have money ,he can do what he want to 。
(人一旦有了钱,他就能想干什么就干什么。)剖析:one是单数第三人称,因而本句的have应改为has ;同理,want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致。
改为:Once one has money ,he can do what he wants (to do)
二. 修饰语错位(Misplaced Modifiers)英语与汉语不同,同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置,句子的含义可能引起变化。对于这一点学生往往没有引起足够的重视,因而造成了不必要的误解。
例1. I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus。
剖析:better位置不当,应置于句末。
三. 句子不完整(Sentence Fragments)在口语中,交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等,不完整的句子完全可以被理解。可是书面语就不同了,句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清,这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后,笔者又想加些补充说明时发生。
例1. There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on 。
剖析:本句后半部分"for example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on 。”不是一个完整的句子,仅为一些不连贯的词语,不能独立成句。
改为:There are many ways to know society ,for example ,by TV ,radio ,and newspaper。
四. 悬垂修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。例如:At the age of ten, my grandfather died. 这句中"at the age of ten"只点出十岁时,但没有说明” 谁”十岁时。按一般推理不可能是my grandfather, 如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改明确一点,全句就不那么费解了。
改为:
When I was ten, my grandfather died。
例1. To do well in college, good grades are essential。
剖析:句中不定式短语 “to do well in college” 的逻辑主语不清楚。
改为:
To do well in college, a student needs good grades。
五. 词性误用(Misuse of Parts of Speech)“词性误用”常表现为:介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。
例1....
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