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09-04
考研英语表达方式是如何转换的呢?还不知道的考生看过来,下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2021考研翻译:英语表达方式转换”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!
2021考研翻译:英语表达方式转换
三、表达方式转换
英汉两种语言在表达方式上往往因角度不同而异。要克服这些差异,翻译时也就常有必要把一种表达方式转换为另一种表达方式,使译文符合汉语表达习惯。
(一)英语中有一些计量词,如score, dozen, decade, quarter等,在汉语中没有相应的表达方式,所以在汉译时得对其加以转换。例如:
(1) Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand, signed the Emancipation Proclamation.
100年以前,一位伟大的美国人签署了解放宣言,我们现在就站在他象征性的庇荫中。
(2) A dozen and a half aeroplanes poured out into the airport during that five minutes.
那5分钟内,有18架飞机涌进了机场。
(3) Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation.
87年前,我们的先辈在这个大陆上创建了一个新的国家。
(4) They had a dozen children, six boys and six girls, in seventeen years.
在17年中,他们生了12个孩子,6男6女。
(二)由于英汉两种语言在表述角度上不尽相同,翻译时常常有必要转换角度,才能使意思明白清楚、表达自然。例如:
(1) She has been a widow only for six months.
她丈夫死了至今才不过半年。
(原文是从妻子的角度加以陈述的,而译文是从丈夫的角度加以陈述的。如果不改变表达方式,而搬用原来的表达方式,那译文就是:"她只当了6个月的寡妇。"这就会给人以错觉:她很快就改嫁了。)
(2)──Is there a special rate by the month?
──Yes, there is a 10% discount.
──按月计算有什么优惠吗?
──有,可以打9折。
四、自然语序与倒装语序转换
句子的自然语序是主语在前,谓语在后。倒装语序主要是指主谓倒装。英语中使用倒装语序,主要是为了加强语气、突出重点、平衡句子结构等;而汉语中使用倒装语序相对较少,所以英译汉时,常常得将倒装语序转换为自然语序。例如:
(1) Away ran the boy.男孩跑开了。
(2) Slowly climbs the summer m...
09-04
考研英语翻译一般有两种方法,那是哪两种呢?还不知道的考生看过来,下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2021考研英语翻译:直译和意译”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!
2021考研英语翻译:直译和意译
一、直译和意译
直译,既忠于原文意思又保留原文形式的翻译;意译,不受原文词语的限制,不拘泥于原文句子的结构,用不同于原文的表达方式,把原文意思表达出来。在考研英语翻译中,我们应遵循的方法是:尽量采用直译,不能直译才采用意译,必要时直译与意译相结合。
(1) 能直译就直译
Eg. …the managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing members of bigger, longer frames.
翻译:俱乐部的经理们也非常乐意调整队服的尺寸,以适应不断增多的、越来越大越来越高的身躯。
(2) 不宜直译才意译
Eg. It was the banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets.
翻译:银行们脱离了轨道,它们的账目将资产评估过高。
(3) 直译与意译相结合
Eg. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world won’t end if you don't pass a test. So don’t worry excessively about a single test.
翻译:考试的目的在于显示你对某一科目的掌握程度。一次考试不及格天是不会塌下来的。因此不必为一次考试过分担心。
【直击试题】
He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticingthings which easily escape attention, and observing them carefully.”
【结构分析】翻译时,大家还是要先弄懂句子结构,该句中he指代上文中的“Darwin,达尔文”,that引导宾语从句,从句中“in noticing…observing them carefully”在从句中作状语,翻译时要提前,而且其中which引导的定从又来修饰其前的things。此外,大家还要理解句中部分单词和短语的释义,“superior to”意为“优于、胜于;地位高于;包括范围广于”,“common”意为“普通的、日常的”,“run”意为“种族”,则“the common run of men”译为“普通人、常人”。这样我们基本上可以用直译法把句意传达出来,但定语从句“which easily escape attention”若直译为“容易逃脱注意力”,则不符合汉语的表达习惯,句意表达比较别扭,故宜采用意译法,译为...
09-02
考研英语的句型翻译需要不断的练习,下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2021考研英语翻译指导练习”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!
2021考研英语翻译指导练习
第079句
were the new york times co. to purchase another major media company, there is no doubt that it could dramatically transform a family-run enterprise that still gets 90% of its revenues from newspapers.
译文:如果纽约时报公司要收购另一家大型媒体公司,这将无疑使一个收入的90%都来自报纸的家族企业发生巨大的转变。
第080句
as long as poor people, who in general are colored, are in conflict with richer people, who in general are lighter skinned, there's going to be a constant racial conflict in the world.
译文:只要穷人和富人(也就是一般的有色人种和白色人种)之间存在矛盾,世界上的种族冲突就将持续存在。
第077句
additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modem means of transport.
译文:新的社会压力可能会由于人口爆炸或大规模人口迁移而出现,而现代交通工具使得这种人口迁移变得比较容易。
第078句
your math instructor would have been happy to give you a makeup examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.
译文:如果你当时解释说你的父母那时都生病了,数学老师就会愿意让你补考的。
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09-02
考研英语长句翻译该怎么进行,还不知道的考生看过来。下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了2021考研英语长句翻译指导“”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!
2021考研英语长句翻译指导
第061句
furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.
译文:而且,人类有能力改变自己的生存环境,从而让其他所有生命形态都服从人类自己独特的想法和想象。
第062句
social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.
译文:社会科学是知识探索的一个分支,它力图像自然科学家研究自然现象那样,用理性、有序、系统而又冷静的方式去研究人类及其行为。
第123句
the wealth of a country should be measured in terms of the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce.
译文:一个国家的财富应当根据该国人民的健康和幸福以及它所能生产出的物质商品来衡量。
第124句
the chief reason for the population growth isn't so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care.
译文:人口增长的主要原因与其说是由于出生率的上升,还不如说是医疗条件的改善使得死亡率下降了。
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