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06-23
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2020年中考英语:语法之主谓语法一致的原则
谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
一、语法一致的原则
(1)以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如:
He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
(2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
Both he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主语如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。例如:
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
(3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
(4)主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如:
The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.
(5) 一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。例如:
A lot of people are dancing outside.
The police are looking for lost boy.
(6)由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数。例如:
Is everybody ready?
Somebody is using the phone.
(7)有两部分构成的物体的名词,如glasses, shoe...
05-15
在初中英语语法中,主谓一致算是比较难的语法点,在中考英语考题里面也会涉及到这个考点。最近,小编就走进了乐加乐英语学科李雅西老师的初二英语提高班课堂,咱们一起来听听她是怎么讲主谓一致吧!
乐加乐英语讲义上关于主谓一致语法考点的题,都是有些难度的。为了帮助孩子更好的,有条理的掌握该语法点,李老师讲主谓一致之前,发给孩子们一张纸,上面是李老师归纳的关于主谓一致的语法内容。如图:
材料是正反面的 一共有15条。每条都是一个例句,而且挖空了,要求孩子填上谓语单词。老师讲完每一条,都会哟一个归纳,这时孩子要写上老师的归纳,做好笔记,当堂消化课堂内容。
主谓一致语法点归纳:(以下考点为小编听课后回来归纳。)
主谓一致是指:
1) 语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2) 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3) 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
1、由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
2、由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数。
3、主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with ,as well as ,together with along with,like 等引导的介词短语时 ,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
4、一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。
5、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时,谓语动词用单数;看作每一个成员时,谓语动词用复数。 news ,maths,physics ,politics等词貌似复数,实为单数,其谓语动词用单数.
6、当表示国家,城市,人名,书名,报纸,杂志,及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时,作为整体,谓语动词用单数形式。
7、“the +形容词”(如the poor ,the rich ,the young, the old , the dead ,the sick,the brave 等)作主语,谓语动词往往用复数.
8、有两部分构成的物体的名词,如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。注意:如果这类名词前用了a pair of等,则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如:Here are some new pairs of shoes.
9、12、不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时,也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代...
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