1.根据上下文的情景确定“意义”上正确的词 利用上下文信息，选择或填写正确的词是完形填空解题时最常用的方法之一。在做四选一的完形填空 时，我们有时会发现每一个选项从语法角度来讲都可以说得通，遇到这种情况，我们应细读上下文，正确 答案会在上下文中得到提示。
试看以下例题：
【例 1】What do I remember about my childhood? There were good things and bad things. We used to live ____, and my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep. A. in a town B. on a farm C. on a busy street D. in a city
【解析】本段主要讲作者回忆儿童时代所居住的地方。从四个选项来看都是可能的，语法上都说得通。 但通过下文 my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep 提示我们可 以知道，作者生活在农村，故正确答案选 B。
【例 2】I was making a trip from Paris to London. At a small town near London, I stopped to do some s__1__. As I was going into a very crowded shop, I saw a few young people talking about something they had just b__2__.
【解析】本段主要讲作者在伦敦的一个小镇的经历。在第一空格处，由下文 a very crowded shop 这 个词组可以推断应填 shopping，这样也就很容易判断第二空格处应填 bought 了。
【例 3】I always remember waking up to the smell of the breakfast my mother was cooking. What a wonderful smell! I used to ____, wash quickly and run downstairs. My breakfast would be waiting for me on the table. A. leave the bed B. lie in bed C. jump out of bed D. get up
【解析】本段讲每天早上妈妈煮的早餐散发出诱人的香味，使得躺在床上的我立即起床。根据题干，A、 C、D 项均和床有关联，但是根据上下文情景的提示，此处除表示“起床”之外，还要表达作者迫不及待的 心情。因此只能选 C。
【例 4】 This is a special class. The students come from different c__l__. Some come from America, others from Germany, France, Japan. Their parents are w__2__ in Shanghai.
【解析】 这是一个特殊的班级， 学生们来自于不同的地方。 根据下文提到的 America， Germany， France， Japan 可以判断第一空格处填 countries，由此也可推断出学生的父母亲们目前在上海工作。第二空格处由 于谓语动词是 be 动词，所以这里的时态为 进行时，表示目前的状态。故应填现在分词 working。 2.根据词汇的辨析和词组的搭配来解题 杨晨英语[www.yangchenenglish.com]，杨晨，中考英语、高考英语提分第一人，30 年专注于中考英语提 分、高考英语提分，中考 110，高考 130，通过率 95%。 在选项中设置四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完形填空命题时常用的方法之一。在做此类题目时，必 须要在特定的语境中选择最佳，或者也可以推敲一些固定的词组搭配来进行选择。在做首字母完形填空时， 尤其应注意空格所缺单词的词性及词组搭配。
【例 1】On the train, Tom was looking __l__ for his ticket because the conductor was coming __2__ to his ticket. 1. A. out B. forward C. anywhere D. everywhere 2. A. down B. up C. in D. on
【解析】第一空格处指 Tom 在火车上到处找车票，因此选 D。everywhere 为最佳答案，anywhere 常用 于否定句和疑问句中。第二空格处意为列车员上前查票，走到某人面前 come up to sb.为固定词组搭配， 因此选 B。
【例 2】After going a diet, a woman f__l__ really good about herself—especially she was a__2__ to fit into a pair of jeans. “Look, look!” she shouted while running downstairs to show her husband. 【解析】本段落主要讲一位女士经过减肥后可以穿得上一条牛仔裤，并要演示给她丈夫看的情景。第 一空格处表达主人公的感觉很好，因此填 felt;第二空格处表达她能够穿上牛仔裤了，be able to 为固定 搭配，故应填 able。
【例 3】A Japanese manager once said he himself and his workers would all stand while they were having meetings. Do you ____ what he means? A. think B. guess C. know D. understand 【解析】本段讲述了一个日本经理和他的员工在开会时将都站着。本题问的是“你知道他说话的含义 吗?”从四个选项看，A 和 B 放入句中意思不通，而 C 和 D 两个答案很接近。D 选项强调理解他的意思，从 上文句子看当然很好理解这句话讲述了什么事，但是其中的含义就不知道了。因此选项 C 才是最合适 的。 【例 4】In March 1982, there was a t__1__ drought in Australia. The summer rain didn’t fall, and the grass didn’t grow. The farmers had to sell all their sheep. Many sheep d__2__ of hungry. 【解析】从下句 The summer…推断这是一场严重的干旱，故第一空格填 terrible。根据上文提及的严 重干旱可以知道由此导致很多羊死于饥饿，die of 是固定词组，故第二空格填 died。 3.利用逻辑关系解题 利用逻辑关系是完形填空命题设计过程中使用较多的方法之一。解这类题时需要学生多注意周围生活 常识、行文的脉络及句子之间的转承关系。 杨晨英语[www.yangchenenglish.com]，杨晨，中考英语、高考英语提分第一人，30 年专注于中考英语提 分、高考英语提分，中考 110，高考 130，通过率 95%。 【例 1】The English language has now become an international language because it is widely used by most countries in the world. ____ you want to do business with foreigners, you have to learn English, for most of them speak and write English. A. As B. If C. So D. Since
【解析】本段主要讲述英语在世界上被广泛地运用，后面一句是举例说明：假如你想跟外国人做生意， 你就必须学英文，因为他们大多数人讲英文、写英文。两个句子是论点和论据的关系，论据部分用了假设 的条件关系。因此，在理清句子之间的脉络之后，很容易确定应选 B。 【例 2】Western country music describes life. It talks about love, jobs, home and money. It talks about friends and enemies, farms and crops. People in many parts of the world like western country music b____ everyone knows something about these ideas.
【解析】我们中国人对于西方乡村音乐还是有所了解的，它描述生活中的一些事情，如爱情，事业， 家庭，朋友，农场，庄稼等，人们对乡村音乐耳濡目染。本段的最后一句因与前文存在因果关系，因此填 because。
【例 3】Sadly, it is very difficult for pandas to live in the world. Here are some of the ____ that pandas may have in the future. If hunters catch a panda, they will kill it for its fur. If farmers cut down trees and forests, pandas will have no place to live in. A. examples B. questions C. matters D. problems
【解析】根据下文 hunters will kill pandas 和 pandas will have no place to live in 可以判断， 这都是在说熊猫在将来可能面临的问题。B 项 questions 只是表达一般的疑问。故 D 项最为恰当。
【例 4】A month later, Mary hadn’t heard from Peter or received any money, s____ she phoned him.
【解析】根据上文 Mary hadn’t heard from Peter 和下文 she phoned him 可以判断两句之间存在着 因果关系，因此填 so。 4.利用语法和句型解题 这类题目主要考查学生在一定的语境中运用语法知识和识别句型的能力。由于学生对这类选项把握较 大，因此这类题型的数量越来越少。
【例 1】The earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was ____ years ago, but it has brought some new problems. A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundred of D. hundreds
【解析】此句主要考查数词的用法。表示具体的几百时，应是具体数字或基数词+hundred;表示成百上 千时，则是 hundreds of。故答案为 B。 杨晨英语[www.yangchenenglish.com]，杨晨，中考英语、高考英语提分第一人，30 年专注于中考英语提 分、高考英语提分，中考 110，高考 130，通过率 95%。
【例 2】Every day, standing at my information desk, I have to answer a lot of questions of the travelers coming from all o____ the world.
【解析】all over the world 是一个最为常见的固定搭配。故答案为 over。
【例 3】Grandma Yang lives alone in our neighborhood. Her husband has been dead for eight years. Her only son lives and works in Britain. He asked his mother to go to Britain so that he can look ____ her. But Grandma Yang won’t go. A. for B. around C. after D. care
【解析】look for 意为寻找; look around 意为向四周看; look after 意为照顾。根据上文 He asked his mother to go to Britain 这一提示我们可以知道，儿子是为了照顾妈妈，所以选 C。
【例 4】April Fools’ Day is on April 1st. People can play j____ on others on this special day. If you succeed, you usually laugh and say, “April Fool!”
【解析】根据文章意思，在 4 月 1 日愚人节这天，人们经常相互开玩笑。从语法角度看，play jokes on sb.是固定词组。所以答案是 jokes。
【例 5】Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are. When you go to restaurants in different parts of the world, it’s important to know the right and wrong things to do. For example, in China it’s OK to __1__ a lot of noise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn’t noisy and __2__, you may think there’s something wrong with it. However, in many western countries, restaurants are quiet places. If a table is too loud, other people who are eating there might even __3__ to the owner of the restaurant. Paying the bill is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually pays for __4__. In western countries, one person pays if he or she is entertaining clients(宴请宾 客), but __5__ friends eat together, they usually share the cost. This is called “going Dutch(均 摊费用)”. Also, when westerners pay the bill, they usually leave some money for the waiter. This is called “leaving a tip”. Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the US, it’s __6__ to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which is decided by how good the service is. Good waiters can make a lot of money! The way people eat food is different in the world, but you can __7__ the same kinds of food in many countries. Chinese and Italian food, for example, is popular all over the world. 1. A. cause B. keep C. hear D. make 2. A. lively B. friendly C. lucky D. polite 3. A. shout B. explain C. complain D. peak 杨晨英语[www.yangchenenglish.com]，杨晨，中考英语、高考英语提分第一人，30 年专注于中考英语提 分、高考英语提分，中考 110，高考 130，通过率 95%。 4. A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. none 5. A. until B. when C. unless D. since 6. A. terrible B. common C. serious D. unusual 7. A. invent B. discover C. prefer D. find
【解析】 在不同国家有不同风俗习惯， 1.D 根据我国特有的风俗习惯在餐厅都是吵吵闹闹的。 make a noise 是固定搭配。2.A 事实上，如果在中国的餐厅不热闹反而不正常。lively 也是表达活跃的气氛，而 B、C、 D 三项意思都不对。3.C 根据上文 论据 in many western countries, restaurants are quiet places 和 下文论点 If a table is too loud(如果餐厅太吵闹)，可以推断出客人甚至可以向店主投诉。4.A 中国的 风俗习惯在付费方面与西方人也不一样，中国人常常一个人付所有人的钱。 5.B 这里讲述西方人在什么情 况下一个人付所有人的钱，在什么情况下，他们是 AA 制。这里句子之间存在状语从句关系。因此选 B。6.B 强调西方人付小费是 比较常见的风俗习惯。unusual 表达特殊的习惯。7.D 虽然吃饭的风俗习惯不同，但 是在不同国家却能找到相同的食物。
【例 6】People often think Dimetrodon(异齿龙) is a dinosaur(恐龙), but it was in fact n__1__ a dinosaur at all. It was one of the reptiles(爬行动物) on Earth during the l__2__ Permian(二 叠纪) period. It was a large reptile. It lived in swampy(沼泽的) areas and had a very funny f__3__ —a large sail(脊鳍) on its back. Dimetrodon was a__4__ to warm up in the morning and cool off q__5__ during the day with the help of its sail. It’s easy to distinguish(区分) a Dimetrodon f__6__ a dinosaur. Dimetrodon’s legs were on the side of its body while dinosaurs had their legs under their bodies. It probably ran very fast a__7__ it was very heavy.
【解析】 1.not 根据前半句人们经常认为异齿龙是一种恐龙， 但事实上它并不是， 表示转折。 but 2.late 表达时间是很清楚的，这 种动物在二叠纪时期的后期出现，所给首字母是 l，而不是 e。如果是早期出现， 那么应填 early。3.feather 本题所缺词性为名词，讲这种爬行动物 的后背有一个大的脊鳍，这是讲它的 特征。4.able be able to 是固定搭配。5.quickly 此处说明这种动物的脊鳍的作用：可以早上暖和，白天 又很快地降温。6.from 从语法角度看，distinguish 只能与 from 搭配。7.although 前句 It probably ran very fast 和后句 it was very heavy 推断两句为转折承让关系。因此填 although。
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